Jabberwocky / Lewis Carroll

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'Twas brillig, and the slithy toves
때는 브릴리그, 꿈틀거리는 토브들은
Did gyre and gimble in the wabe;
와베 속에서 빙빙 돌고 춤췄네;
All mimsy were the borogoves,
모든 보로고브는 밍시했고,
And the mome raths outgrabe.
모움 래쓰는 소리쳤네.

“Beware the Jabberwock, my son!
“내 아들아, 재버워크를 조심해라!
The jaws that bite, the claws that catch!
물어뜯는 턱과 붙잡는 발톱을!
Beware the Jubjub bird, and shun
주브주브 새를 조심하고,
The frumious Bandersnatch!”
흉포한 밴더스내치를 피하라!”

He took his vorpal sword in hand:
그는 보팔 검을 손에 들고
Long time the manxome foe he sought—
오랫동안 그 무시무시한 적을 찾아 헤매다—
So rested he by the Tumtum tree,
툼툼 나무 곁에 쉬면서,
And stood awhile in thought.
잠시 생각에 잠겼네.

And as in uffish thought he stood,
그리고 그가 험악한 생각에 잠겨 있을 때,
The Jabberwock, with eyes of flame,
불꽃 같은 눈을 가진 재버워크가,
Came whiffling through the tulgey wood,
털지 숲을 휘파람 불며 달려오고,
And burbled as it came!
오면서 버블거렸네!

One, two! One, two! And through and through
하나, 둘! 하나, 둘! 그리고 완전히
The vorpal blade went snicker-snack!
보팔 검이 스니커-스낵! 하고 지나갔네!
He left it dead, and with its head
그는 그것을 죽여 놓고, 그 머리를 가지고
He went galumphing back.
갈룸핑하며 돌아갔네.

“And hast thou slain the Jabberwock?
“네가 재버워크를 죽였느냐?
Come to my arms, my beamish boy!
내 품으로 오라, 나의 빛나는 소년아!
O frabjous day! Callooh! Callay!”
오, 기쁜 날이여! 칼루! 칼라이!”
He chortled in his joy.
그는 기쁨에 껄껄 웃었네.

'Twas brillig, and the slithy toves
때는 브릴리그, 꿈틀거리는 토브들은
Did gyre and gimble in the wabe;
와베 속에서 빙빙 돌고 춤췄네;
All mimsy were the borogoves,
모든 보로고브는 밍시했고,
And the mome raths outgrabe.
모움 래쓰는 소리쳤네.

Talking About Jabberwocky

불꽃 같은 눈을 가진 재버워크가 털지 숲을 휘파람 불며 달려오면서 버블거리는 가장 인상적인 순간

Jabberwocky: A Study Guide

Quiz

1. What is the initial setting described in "Jabberwocky," including the time of day and the actions of the creatures mentioned?
2. What three dangerous creatures are the son warned about by his father at the beginning of the poem?
3. What weapon does the hero take with him to confront the Jabberwock?
4. Where does the hero rest and contemplate before his encounter with the Jabberwock?
5. Describe the Jabberwock's appearance and how it approaches the hero in the tulgey wood.
6. How does the hero defeat the Jabberwock, specifically mentioning the sound of the action?
7. What does the hero do immediately after slaying the Jabberwock?
8. How does the father react when his son returns with the Jabberwock's head?
9. What are the father's exclamations of joy upon seeing his son victorious?
10. How does the poem conclude, and how does this ending mirror the beginning?

Quiz Answer Key

1. The initial setting is described as "brillig," a time when "slithy toves" are actively "gyring and gimbling in the wabe." This creates an immediate sense of an unusual and whimsical world.
2. The father warns his son to beware of the Jabberwock (with its biting jaws and catching claws), the Jubjub bird, and the frumious Bandersnatch. These warnings establish the primary threats in the narrative.
3. The hero takes his "vorpal sword" in hand, indicating he is prepared for a formidable battle against the monsters. This special sword suggests it has unique properties for this specific challenge.
4. Before his encounter, the hero rests by the "Tumtum tree" and stands "awhile in thought." This moment highlights his contemplation and preparation for the daunting task ahead.
5. The Jabberwock is described as having "eyes of flame" and comes "whiffling through the tulgey wood," making a "burbling" sound as it approaches. This vivid description emphasizes its fearsome and strange nature.
6. The hero defeats the Jabberwock with his "vorpal blade," which goes "snicker-snack!" through the creature. This onomatopoeic description conveys the swift and decisive nature of the blow.
7. Immediately after slaying the Jabberwock, the hero "left it dead, and with its head / He went galumphing back." This action signifies his victory and his triumphant return.
8. The father reacts with overwhelming joy and pride, exclaiming, "Come to my arms, my beamish boy!" and expressing immense happiness at his son's success.
9. The father's exclamations of joy are "O frabjous day! Callooh! Callay!" These nonsensical yet celebratory words underscore the sheer delight and relief felt at the victory.
10. The poem concludes by repeating the first stanza, describing the "brillig" setting, the "slithy toves" gyring and gimbling, and the "mimsy borogoves" and "mome raths" outgrabing. This cyclical structure provides a sense of returning to the initial, whimsical state after the adventure.

Essay Questions

1. Analyze how Lewis Carroll uses invented words and portmanteaus in "Jabberwocky" to create a unique atmosphere and convey meaning, despite the words being nonsensical. Discuss specific examples and their implied connotations.
2. Discuss the narrative structure of "Jabberwocky." How does the poem follow a classic hero's journey despite its whimsical language, and what elements contribute to this archetypal pattern?
3. Explore the themes of bravery and the conquering of fear as presented in "Jabberwocky." How does the son's journey from being warned to confronting the monster illustrate these themes?
4. Consider the role of the father in "Jabberwocky." How does his initial warning and subsequent celebration shape the reader's understanding of the hero's quest and the cultural context of the poem?
5. "Jabberwocky" is often celebrated for its imaginative and fantastical elements. Discuss how these elements contribute to the poem's enduring appeal and its place in literature.

Glossary of Key Terms

• Jabberwocky: The title of the poem and the name of the main monstrous antagonist, a creature with "jaws that bite" and "claws that catch."
• Brillig: An invented word, likely implying a time of day, possibly dusk or late afternoon, when things are "broiling" or "brilliant." It sets the initial whimsical atmosphere.
• Slithy: A portmanteau combining "lithe" (flexible, graceful) and "slimy," describing the "toves."
• Toves: Imaginary creatures that "gyre and gimble in the wabe."
• Gyre: To spin or whirl around, like a gyroscope.
• Gimble: To make holes with a gimlet (a small boring tool); implies a twisting or burrowing motion.
• Wabe: An invented word, possibly referring to a patch of grass or a grassy area around a sundial.
• Mimsy: A portmanteau combining "flimsy" and "miserable," describing the "borogoves."
• Borogoves: Imaginary creatures, described as "mimsy."
• Mome: An invented word, possibly derived from "from home" or suggesting something mournful or grave.
• Raths: Imaginary creatures, described as "mome," that "outgrabe."
• Outgrabe: The past tense of an invented verb, possibly combining "outcry" and "groan" or "squeak," meaning to make a loud, strange sound.
• Jubjub bird: Another dangerous creature mentioned in the father's warning, to be avoided.
• Frumious: A portmanteau combining "fuming" and "furious," describing the "Bandersnatch."
• Bandersnatch: Another dangerous creature mentioned in the father's warning, described as "frumious."
• Vorpal sword: The special, sharp sword used by the hero to slay the Jabberwock, implying extreme effectiveness.
• Manxome: A portmanteau possibly combining "manx" (a breed of cat known for being tailless, implying something curtailed or unnatural) and "loathsome" or "fearsome," describing the foe.
• Tumtum tree: The specific tree where the hero rests and contemplates before his battle.
• Uffish: A portmanteau combining "huffish" (cross, sulky) and "snuffy" (offended), describing the hero's "thought" or mood.
• Whiffling: Moving lightly and quickly, often with a whistling sound.
• Tulgey wood: The dark, dense, and perhaps mysterious wood through which the Jabberwock approaches.
• Burbled: A portmanteau combining "gurgle" and "chuckle," describing the sound the Jabberwock makes.
• Snicker-snack: An onomatopoeic word representing the sound of the vorpal blade cutting through the Jabberwock.
• Galumphing: A portmanteau combining "gallop" and "triumphant," describing the hero's joyous, clumsy return after his victory.
• Beamish: A portmanteau combining "beaming" (radiant with joy) and "boyish," describing the victorious son.
• Frabjous: A portmanteau combining "fabulous" and "joyous," exclaimed by the father.
• Callooh! Callay!: Exclamations of pure joy and celebration, nonsensical yet conveying immense happiness.
• Chortled: A portmanteau combining "chuckle" and "snort," describing the sound the father makes in his joy.

( N.B. 위 콘텐츠는 Google AI Studio 로 제작한 것입니다 )