Così fan tutte 코지 판 투테 / Mozart 모차르트

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Once upon a time in Naples, there were two pairs of young lovers who were very happy. Fiordiligi loved Guglielmo, and Dorabella loved Ferrando. They were all good friends. One day, an old philosopher named Don Alfonso made a bet with Guglielmo and Ferrando. He said that all women are the same and that their sweethearts, Fiordiligi and Dorabella, would not stay faithful to them if they were tested.

Guglielmo and Ferrando thought their girlfriends were special and would never fall for anyone else. So, they agreed to Don Alfonso's silly plan. They pretended that they had to go away to war. Fiordiligi and Dorabella were very sad to see them go.

Then, Don Alfonso brought two new friends to meet the sisters. These new friends were actually Guglielmo and Ferrando in disguise! They were dressed in funny outfits and pretended to be from a faraway land. Each brother tried to win the heart of the other's sweetheart. It was like a game of pretend!

At first, Fiordiligi and Dorabella said they could never love anyone else. But the "new friends" were very charming and persistent. Slowly, things started to change. Dorabella began to like the disguised Ferrando, and Fiordiligi started to have feelings for the disguised Guglielmo.

Eventually, the brothers revealed their disguises. Fiordiligi and Dorabella were very surprised and a little embarrassed. It was all a trick to see if they would stay true to their first loves. In the end, after a bit of confusion, everyone realized the importance of forgiveness and understanding in love. They all decided to stay together, having learned a funny but important lesson about people's hearts.

The image will depict the moment when Guglielmo and Ferrando, disguised as the "new friends," are trying to woo Fiordiligi and Dorabella. They are in a garden, and the brothers are wearing their silly disguises, trying to impress the sisters who look a bit confused and amused by their strange behavior.

Talking About Cosi fan tutte

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Study Guide: Così fan tutte by Mozart

I. Summary of Così fan tutte

Così fan tutte is an opera by Mozart that tells the story of two pairs of young lovers in Naples: Fiordiligi and Guglielmo, and Dorabella and Ferrando. Their happiness is challenged when an old philosopher, Don Alfonso, makes a bet with Guglielmo and Ferrando, claiming that all women are unfaithful when tested.

To prove his point, Don Alfonso orchestrates a deception. Guglielmo and Ferrando pretend to go to war, causing sorrow for their sweethearts. Soon after, Don Alfonso introduces two "new friends" to the sisters, who are, in fact, Guglielmo and Ferrando in disguise. Dressed in funny outfits and pretending to be from a faraway land, each brother attempts to woo the other's beloved.

Initially, Fiordiligi and Dorabella resist, asserting their loyalty. However, the disguised brothers' persistence and charm slowly begin to sway them. Dorabella develops feelings for the disguised Ferrando, and Fiordiligi for the disguised Guglielmo.

Eventually, the brothers reveal their true identities, shocking and embarrassing the sisters. The entire ordeal was a trick to test their fidelity. After some initial confusion, the couples reconcile, having learned a lesson about forgiveness and understanding in love, and decide to stay together.

II. Quiz

Instructions: Answer each question in 2-3 sentences.

1. Who are the two pairs of young lovers at the beginning of the opera?
2. What is Don Alfonso's bet about?
3. How do Guglielmo and Ferrando initially react to Don Alfonso's claim?
4. What do Guglielmo and Ferrando pretend to do to begin the trick?
5. How do Fiordiligi and Dorabella react when their lovers pretend to leave?
6. How do Guglielmo and Ferrando disguise themselves to woo the sisters?
7. What is Fiordiligi and Dorabella's initial response to the "new friends"?
8. How do the sisters' feelings change over time towards the disguised men?
9. What happens when the brothers reveal their disguises?
10. What is the ultimate lesson learned by all characters at the end of the opera?

III. Quiz Answer Key

1. The two pairs of young lovers at the beginning of the opera are Fiordiligi with Guglielmo, and Dorabella with Ferrando. They are depicted as being very happy and good friends.
2. Don Alfonso's bet is that all women are essentially the same and that Fiordiligi and Dorabella, despite their current affections, would not remain faithful if their loyalty were put to the test.
3. Guglielmo and Ferrando initially dismiss Don Alfonso's claim, believing their girlfriends are uniquely special and would never fall for anyone else. They are confident in their sweethearts' fidelity.
4. To initiate the trick, Guglielmo and Ferrando pretend that they have been called away to war. This feigned departure sets the stage for Don Alfonso's plan to test the women's faithfulness.
5. When their lovers pretend to leave for war, Fiordiligi and Dorabella are depicted as being very sad. They express distress and sorrow at the thought of their beloveds departing.
6. Guglielmo and Ferrando disguise themselves by dressing in funny outfits and pretending to be from a faraway land. This elaborate charade is designed to make them unrecognizable to the sisters.
7. Fiordiligi and Dorabella's initial response to the "new friends" is resistance, as they firmly state that they could never love anyone other than their original fiancés. They attempt to maintain their loyalty.
8. Over time, the sisters' feelings begin to change as the "new friends" are very charming and persistent. Dorabella starts to like the disguised Ferrando, and Fiordiligi develops feelings for the disguised Guglielmo.
9. When the brothers reveal their disguises, Fiordiligi and Dorabella are very surprised and also a little embarrassed. They realize that the entire situation was a trick orchestrated to test their faithfulness.
10. The ultimate lesson learned by all characters is the importance of forgiveness and understanding in love. Despite the deception and confusion, they decide to stay together, having gained a funny but important insight into human hearts.

IV. Essay Format Questions

1. Analyze the role of Don Alfonso in Così fan tutte. How does he challenge the conventional notions of love and fidelity held by the young lovers, and what is the ultimate impact of his scheme on their relationships?
2. Discuss the theme of disguise and deception in Così fan tutte. How do Guglielmo and Ferrando's disguises facilitate the plot, and what does the revelation of their true identities teach the characters about appearance versus reality in relationships?
3. Examine the character development of Fiordiligi and Dorabella. How do their initial declarations of unwavering loyalty evolve throughout the opera, and what does their eventual change of heart suggest about human nature and the complexities of love?
4. Explore the concept of "faithfulness" as presented in Così fan tutte. Does the opera ultimately condemn or offer a more nuanced perspective on the idea of constancy in love? Support your argument with examples from the plot.
5. Consider the ending of Così fan tutte. Although there is initial confusion and embarrassment, the couples decide to stay together. What message about forgiveness, understanding, and the enduring nature of love does this resolution convey?

V. Glossary of Key Terms

• Così fan tutte: The Italian title of the opera, often translated as "Thus Do All Women" or "Women Are Like That." It refers to Don Alfonso's central premise that all women are inherently fickle or unfaithful when tested.
• Naples: The setting for the opera, a city in Italy. It provides the backdrop for the romantic entanglements and Don Alfonso's social experiment.
• Fiordiligi: One of the two sisters and young lovers. She is initially paired with Guglielmo.
• Guglielmo: One of the two young men and lovers. He is initially paired with Fiordiligi and participates in Don Alfonso's bet.
• Dorabella: The other sister and young lover. She is initially paired with Ferrando.
• Ferrando: The other young man and lover. He is initially paired with Dorabella and participates in Don Alfonso's bet.
• Don Alfonso: An old philosopher who instigates the central bet and orchestrates the deception to test the women's fidelity. He represents a cynical view of love and human nature.
• Disguise: The act of Guglielmo and Ferrando dressing in "funny outfits" and pretending to be "new friends from a faraway land" to conceal their true identities and woo the other's sweetheart.
• Fidelity/Faithfulness: A central theme of the opera, referring to loyalty and constancy in romantic relationships. Don Alfonso's bet directly challenges the assumption of faithfulness in women.
• Forgiveness and Understanding: Key elements emphasized at the end of the opera, suggesting the ultimate resolution and lesson learned by the characters after the deception is revealed.

( N.B. 위 콘텐츠는 Google AI Studio 로 제작한 것입니다 )